Polar Bear Facts Behavior, Diet, Habitat, and More

The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is the largest terrestrial carnivore in the world, rivaled in size only by the Kodiak bear. Polar bears play an important role in the life and culture of the Arctic Circle. Most people are familiar with polar bears from visiting zoos or seeing the bear depicted in the media, but there are many misconceptions about this fascinating animal. Fast Facts: Polar Bear Scientific Name: Ursus maritimusOther Names: Nanook or nanuq, Isbjà ¸rn (ice bear), umkaBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 5.9-9.8 feetWeight: 330-1500 poundsLifespan: 25 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Arctic CirclePopulation: 25,000Conservation Status: Vulnerable Description Polar bears are easily recognizable by their white fur, which yellows with age. Each hair on a polar bear is hollow, and the skin beneath its fur is black. Compared to brown bears, polar bears have an elongated body and face. With their small ears and tails and short legs, polar bears are adapted to life in the Arctic cold. Their large feet help to help distribute weight on ice and snow. Small dermal bumps cover the pads of their paws to improve traction. Polar bears are excellent swimmers. sergei gladyshev / Getty Images Polar bears are extremely large animals. While both sexes look alike, males are about twice the size of females. An adult male ranges from 7.9 to 9.8 feet in length and weighs 770 to 1500 pounds. The largest male polar bear on record weighed 2209 pounds. Females measure 5.9 to 7.9 feet in length and weigh between 330 to 550 pounds. However, females can double their weight when pregnant. Habitat and Distribution The polar bears scientific name means maritime bear. Polar bears are born on land, but they spend most of their lives on ice or open water in the Arctic. In fact, they can live as far south as Newfoundland Island. Polar bears are found in five countries: Canada, the United States (Alaska), Denmark (Greenland), Norway (Svalbard), and Russia. Although penguins and polar bears are shown together at zoos or in the media, these two creatures dont typically meet: penguins live only in the Southern Hemisphere and polar bears live only in the Northern Hemisphere. Diet and Behavior While many bears are omnivorous, polar bears are almost exclusively carnivorous. Seals are their primary prey. The bears can smell seals from up to a mile (1.6 kilometers) away and buried beneath 3 feet (0.9 meters) of snow. The most common hunting technique is called still-hunting. A bear locates a seals breathing hole by smell, waits for the seal to surface, and drags it onto the ice with a forepaw to crush its skull with powerful jaws. Polar bears also eat eggs, juvenile walruses, young beluga whales, carrion, crabs, shellfish, reindeer, rodents, and sometimes other polar bears. Occasionally, they will eat berries, kelp, or roots. The polar bears will eat garbage, including hazardous materials, such as motor oil, antifreeze, and plastic if they encounter such materials. Bears are stealth hunters on land. They rarely attack humans, but starving or provoked bears have killed and eaten people. As an apex predator, adult bears are not hunted except by humans. Cubs may be taken by wolves. Polar bears are susceptible to a variety of parasites and diseases, including mites, Trichinella, Leptospirosis, and Morbillivirus. Reproduction and Offspring Female polar bears reach sexual maturity and begin breeding at four or five years of age. Males become mature around six years of age, but rarely breed before age eight due to fierce competition from other males. Male polar bears fight for mating rights and court females in April and May. Once mating takes place, the fertilized egg is suspended until August or September, when the sea floes break up and the female digs a den either on sea ice or land. The pregnant female enters a state similar to hibernation, giving birth to two cubs between November and February. Young polar bears engaged in a play fight. Brocken Inaglory / CC-BY-SA-3.0 The mother polar bear remains inside the den with the cubs until mid-February to mid-April. For the first couple of weeks after she breaks out of the den, she feeds on vegetation while the cubs learn to walk. Finally, the mother and her cubs walk to the sea ice. In some cases, the female may have fasted for eight months before she returns to hunting seals once again. Polar bears can live about 25 years in the wild. Some bears die from illness or injuries, while others starve after becoming too weak to hunt. Conservation Status The IUCN Red List classifies the polar bear as a vulnerable species. The bear has been listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act since 2008. At present, the estimated polar bear population ranges from 20,000 to 25,000. Polar bears face multiple threats, including pollution, various impacts from oil and gas development, hunting, habitat loss, conflicts from ships, stress from tourism, and climate change. Hunting is regulated in all five of the countries where polar bears are found. However, global warming is the greatest threat to the species. Climate change shrinks the bears habitat, shortens their hunting season, makes hunting more difficult, increases disease, and reduces the availability of suitable dens. In 2006, the IUCN predicted the polar bear population would diminish more than 30% over the next 45 years due to climate change. Other agencies predict that the species might go extinct. Sources DeMaster, Douglas P. and Ian Stirling. Ursus Maritimus. Mammalian Species. 145 (145): 1–7, 1981. doi:10.2307/3503828Derocher, Andrew E.; Lunn, Nicholas J.; Stirling, Ian. Polar Bears in a Warming Climate. Integrative and Comparative Biology. 44 (2): 163–176, 2004. doi:10.1093/icb/44.2.163Paetkau, S.; Amstrup, C.; Born, E. W.; Calvert, W.; Derocher, A.E.; Garner, G.W.; Messier, F; Stirling, I; Taylor, M.K. Genetic structure of the worlds polar bear populations. Molecular Ecology. 8 (10): 1571–1584, 1999. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00733.xStirling, Ian. Polar Bears. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1988. ISBN 0-472-10100-5.Wiig, Ø., Amstrup, S., Atwood, T., Laidre, K., Lunn, N., Obbard, M., Regehr, E. Thiemann, G..  Ursus maritimus.  The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species  2015: e.T22823A14871490.  doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T22823A14871490.en

Online Casino Market Is It Worth It - 995 Words

Thrills The online casino market is as crowded as ever, with new names popping up daily. As the numbers grow, a diamond in the rough has appeared in the form of Thrills. Born in 2013, Thrills is offering players a 100 EUR sign-up bonus and promises to be as thrilling an online casino experience as the name suggests. Thrills promises a lot, but thankfully it delivers on those guarantees and then some. SIGN UP NOW AND RECEIVE WELCOME PACKAGE †¢ 100% Matched First Deposit (up to â‚ ¬100) †¢ 50 Free Spins (for use on Starburst) †¢ No Wagering Requirements SECOND DEPOSIT †¢ 50% Matched Deposit (up to â‚ ¬100) Shoot to Thrill at Thrills Casino Take one look at the Thrills landing page and you get an idea of what this online casino is all about. The†¦show more content†¦Thrills have over 400 games available in total, with table games and slots accessed through just a couple of clicks. Thrills simply delivers NetEnt hit after NetEnt hit and for that reason I can’t fault them from a game selection standpoint. For those who want the numbers, here is how the game selection breaks down: †¢ 17 Classic Slots †¢ 16 Progressive Slots †¢ 28 RNG Slots †¢ 6 Live Dealer Games †¢ 45 Video Poker Games †¢ 337 Video Slots When you play at Thrills you will be quick to find that it is truly wall-to-wall game choice. Bonuses and Promotions I only have positive things to say about Thrills when it comes to their sign-up bonuses offering, as it is truly no nonsense. Up to â‚ ¬100 and 50 free spins (for use on Starburst) are available when you make your first deposit and you can’t say fairer than that. However, I was a little disappointed on the promotions front, as Thrills don’t really offer anything that sparked my interest. Customer Support and Security Light on the outside by robust on the inside, when it to comes to member support Thrills understand what it takes to get the job done. I love how attentive they are towards new members and how they work to take care of players. If you do find yourself struggling when playing at Thrills, all you need to do is get in contact with the customer support team. This can be done in several different ways. If you

Psychologists and Psychiatrist Free Essays

Psychology is a fascinating subject that carries a lot room for interpretation. Psychology being a relatively new scientific arena continues to grow due to exploring of experts into studies of the mind and behaviors directed by the brain. Psychologists and Psychiatrist continue to discover new methods of therapy to treat psychological disorders. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychologists and Psychiatrist or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cognitive therapy is the fastest growing and most extensively studied form of psychotherapy in America. † Cognitive therapy emphasis focuses on present thinking problems. The website I chose is: www. nytimes. com/library/national/science/health/011100hth-behavior-beck. html. I chose this website because it contains an article about Dr. Aaron Beck, who is the founder of cognitive therapy. Dr. Beck’s perception of psychological difficulties lies within â€Å"thinking problems. † Unlike behavioristic, psychoanalytic, humanistic, and trait theorists, cognitive theorists believe that psychological problems lie within current thoughts. Disorders are a result of a patients desire to relish in self-deprecating thoughts. This article explains how Dr. Beck discovered cognitive therapy and decided to leave Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic approach behind. Dr. Beck attended the Philadelphia institute in 1958. There he begin to conquer his fears of blood and pain due to a staph infection from surgery on his broken arm developed due to his mothers overprotective behavior which caused him to restrict his activities as he also developed a phobia of getting hurt. Dr. Beck conquered his fears by teaching himself to recondition his thoughts. Dr. Beck’s cognitive therapy intent is to correct distorted thinking patterns by challenging patients to explore positive and beneficial thoughts. â€Å"He encourages patients to test their perceptions of themselves and others, as if they were scientists testing hypotheses. † The idea of cognitive therapy is to help patients to first realize their how their thoughts can be self-deprecating and then he aims to condition their present thoughts to new thinking. Dr. Beck is methodical about his cognitive therapy. First Dr. Beck listens to the patient and then he asks questions to help them conquer irrational thinking. There are some behaviorist psychologists who appose Dr. Beck’s cognitive theory. These critics feel that thought can not be measured objectively. One Dr. Klein’s position is that cognitive therapy is just a morale booster, and not the therapeutic solutions it promises. My overall evaluation of this website is how well rounded the information covered the subject. It provided an in depth analysis of the cognitive theory; how it was conceived, who will benefit most from it, and the methodology used. I find it fascinating that a person can perform psych therapy on themselves just by simple reconditioning their thoughts. Sometimes I find myself obsessing over small things, and now I can practice to condition myself to refrain from obsessive thoughts. I would really like to learn more about the methodology used to treat cognitively and more details about the results shown with patients. I plan on conducting more research on cognitive theory to find other cognitive theorists and their methodologies. This article has taught me more about myself and how I can improve my relationships by positive thinking. This article has shown me how to identify certain thoughts that I would prefer to refrain from thinking, and how to correct them. | Definitions Deprecate means to deplore something, depreciate means to belittle something or to treat it as unimportant. However, self-deprecating, in the sense ‘disparaging oneself’, ‘modestly understating one’s own abilities’ has become firmly established, although some people deprecate this usage. Berate to rebuke or scold angrily and at length. Prosaic commonplace or dull; unimaginative Precept a commandment or direction given as a rule of action or conduct, an injunction as to moral conduct Pragmatist a person who is oriented toward the success or failure of a particular line of action, thought, etc Works Cited Goode, E. â€Å"A Pragmatic Man and His No-Nonsense Therapy. † www. nytimes. com/library/national/science/health/011100hth-behavior-beck. html 11 Jan. 2000. How to cite Psychologists and Psychiatrist, Papers

Moanin In the Moonlight by Howlin Wolf free essay sample

â€Å"Oooohhhhh.† This album, Moanin In the Moonlight, by Howlin Wolf is a very slow and draggy album. There are three songs in the album of 12 that are on the faster end, although the rest are very slow. The theme of this album is mainly about his girlfriend and his life in relation to her. It looks like it may have been recorded live because he is getting out his immediate words. This album is a very slow one and the majority of the songs in this album are very slow. When you listen to it, it feels very gloomy and draggy. Also Howlin Wolf’s voice is not the most soothing voice, it is very raspy and harsh. The slow songs over and over again was not the most amusing thing to listen to as well. He sings about what most blues singers were singing about at that time, hardships. The lyrics of the songs are very repetitive within each song; he says the same lyrics a lot in a song. We will write a custom essay sample on Moanin In the Moonlight by Howlin Wolf or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He also howls a lot during some of the songs, and it is the same kind of howl, it sounds the same every time. â€Å"Oooohhhhh,† is what is sounded like during all of the songs. The technique of the album is the same throughout all of the songs. The quality is not very good, it is very raspy and harsh. Howlin Wolf sings, but he also plays the harmonica on a lot of the songs. He stops singing and starts playing, so it is the main focus of the song. He is very good at playing the harmonica as well. This album is the earliest album Howlin Wolf has made, releasing in 1958. The latest album he has made was released in 1973. This album is different from Moanin In the Moonlight because it has an electric guitar, which was not in any songs from Moanin In the Moonlight. The songs are a bit faster than the songs in Moanin In the Moonlight, but not by much. Howlin Wolf was born on June 10, 1910 in West Point, Mississippi. He signed with Chicago’s Chess Records and by 1960 he had b egun to work with songwriter Willie Dixon. He died on January 10, 1976 in Hines, Illinois. This album is not a very good one, the songs are the same tempo and about mainly the same thing. Therefore, it is not worth buying the album.